Optik tolali kabellar o'tkazgich sifatida yorug'likdan foydalanadigan uzatish liniyalari bo'lib, yuqori tezlik (yorug'lik tezligiga yaqinlashish), katta tarmoqli kengligi (TB{0}}darajasida ma'lumot uzatishni qo'llab-quvvatlash) va kuchli shovqinlarga qarshi (elektromagnit maydonlardan ta'sirlanmagan) kabi asosiy afzalliklarga ega. Ularning asosiy funksiyalariga quyidagilar kiradi: 1. Yuqori{4}}tezlikdagi aloqa (kechikish<1ms), suitable for real-time scenarios such as financial transactions and telemedicine; 2. Big data processing (single fiber capacity up to 100Tbps), supporting cloud computing and edge computing needs; 3. Long-distance transmission (80-100km without repeaters), ensuring high-quality cross-border communication. In home scenarios, Fiber to the Home (FTTH) technology can provide gigabit-level bandwidth (1Gbps+), perfectly supporting high-bandwidth applications such as 4K/8K video and cloud gaming. In the future, with the development of 5G and the Internet of Things, ultra-low-loss fiber (attenuation ≤0.15dB/km) will become the data artery for smart cities and autonomous driving.